Coffea Arabica trees produce nearly all of the worlds specialty coffee. The vast majority of the world's coffee is either Robusta or Arabica. Most consider the flavor of Arabica coffee far superior to Robusta, while Robusta trees, being more "robust", are less susceptible to insect infestation and disease. Arabica coffee trees are typically grown at high elevations where insects and disease are less prevalent. Because of the inherently steep terrain at high elevations where Arabica is generally grown, mechanical harvesting is impractical, so Arabica coffee is nearly always picked by hand. Hand picking of Arabica coffee results in less under-ripe and over-ripe beans compared to the commonly machine harvested Robusta beans. If left alone, Arabica trees will grow up to 40 feet high, but in most plantations the trees are pruned to less than 8 feet high for better yield and easier harvest. There are at least a dozen commercialized variations, or cultivars, of the Coffea Arabica tree. These include: Typica, Bourbon, Caturra, Catuai, Pache Comum, Pache, Catimor, Kent, Mundo Novo, Maragogype, Amarello, and Blue Mountain. Typica is the oldest Arabica cultivar and is the base from which many others developed.  

Coffee produced from the Bourbon cultivar of the Coffea Arabica tree, named after the French owned Island where it was first cultivated. Bourbon Island was renamed Reunion and is located east of Madagascar in the Indian ocean. France introduced the Bourbon cultivar to Africa and Latin America. Bourbon was the second commercialized Arabica variety after Typica. Both the Typica and Bourbon varieties of Arabica are produced in large quantities throughout the world, but are slowly being replaced by more productive and disease resistant varieties such as Caturra. The Bourbon variety is bright yellow when ripe.  

Bourbon Santos is a single origin coffee named after Santos, the port in Brazil where the coffee is shipped, and Bourbon, the variety of coffee tree used to make Bourbon Santos.   

Caturra is a modern hybrid variety of Coffea Arabica that is becoming increasingly popular with farmers since it has a greater crop yield and is less susceptible to disease than the classic Arabicas (Typica and Bourbon).  

Coffea Arabica trees produce nearly all of the worlds specialty coffee. The vast majority of the worlds coffee is either Robusta of Arabica. Most consider the flavor of Arabica coffee superior to Robusta coffee, while Robusta trees, being more "robust", are less susceptible to insect infestation and disease. Arabica coffee trees are typically grown at high elevations where insects and disease are less prevalent. Because the inherently steep terrain where Arabica is grown, mechanical harvesting is impractical., so Arabica coffee is nearly always picked by hand. This hand picking of Arabica coffee results in less under-ripe and over-ripe beans compared to the commonly machine harvested Robusta beans. If left alone, Arabica trees will grow up to 40 feet high, but in most plantations the trees are pruned to less than 8 feet high for better yield and easier harvest. There are at least a dozen commercialized variations, or cultivars, of the Coffea Arabica tree. These include: Typica, Bourbon, Caturra, Catuai, Pache Comum, Pache, Catimor, Kent, Mundo Novo, Maragogype, Amarello, and Blue Mountain. Typica is the oldest Arabica cultivar and is the base from which many others developed.  

Botanical name for the Robusta coffee tree. Coffea Canephora and Coffea Arabica are practically the only coffee species used to make coffee. Robusta coffee trees, like Arabica, can grow about 40 feet high, but Robusta beans tend to be smaller and more bitter. Robusta trees are "robust", meaning they are less susceptible to pests and disease and yield more coffee crop. Because of its ability to resist pests and disease, Coffea Canephora is the dominant coffee species grown at low elevations.  

A cultivar is a variation of a cultivated plant with a name given in accordance with the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP). Typica and Bourbon are cultivars of the Arabica tree.  

Common name for Coffea Canephora plant. Coffea Canephora and Coffea Arabica are practically the only coffee species used to make coffee. Robusta coffee trees, like Arabica trees, can grow about 40 feet high, but Robusta beans tend to be smaller and more bitter. Robusta trees are "robust", meaning they are less susceptible to pests and disease and yield more coffee crop. Because of its ability to resist pests and disease, Coffea Canephora is the dominant coffee species grown at low elevations.